《Searching for rivers and seas【English and Chinese】》 wedge The Netherlands, Amsterdam, Christie''s Auction House. ºÉÀ¼£¬°¢Ä·Ë¹Ìص¤£¬¼ÑÊ¿µÃÅÄÂôÐС£ºÉÀ¼£¬°¢Ä·Ë¹Ìص¤£¬¼ÑÊ¿µÃÅÄÂôÐС£ After a flurry of movement, bidders from various countries excitedly filled the auction hall, craning their necks in anticipation and getting ready to raise their bidding paddles. Some even shook the catalogues in their hands vigorously, looking determined to win. Ò»Õóɧ¶¯Ö®ºó£¬À´×Ô²»Í¬¹ú¼ÒµÄ¾º±êÕßÐ˷ܵؼ·ÂúÁËÅÄÂô´óÌü£¬ËûÃÇÉ쳤²±×Ó£¬ÆÚ´ý×Å£¬×¼±¸¾ÙÆðËûÃǵľºÅÄ°å¡£ÓÐЩÈËÉõÖÁÓÃÁ¦Ò¡»Î×ÅÊÖÖеÄĿ¼£¬¿´ÆðÀ´¾öÐÄÒªÓ®¡£Ò»Õóɧ¶¯Ö®ºó£¬À´×Ô²»Í¬¹ú¼ÒµÄ¾º±êÕßÐ˷ܵؼ·ÂúÁËÅÄÂô´óÌü£¬ËûÃÇÉ쳤²±×Ó£¬ÆÚ´ý×Å£¬×¼±¸¾ÙÆðËûÃǵľºÅÄ°å¡£ÓÐЩÈËÉõÖÁÓÃÁ¦Ò¡»Î×ÅÊÖÖеÄĿ¼£¬¿´ÆðÀ´¾öÐÄÒªÓ®¡£ Although the catalogue was printed rather roughly, the exquisite porcelain did not lose its luster and still exuded the unique charm of the ancient Eastern country. With the appearance of the professional auctioneer, all the bidders were eager to participate, raising their bidding cards one after another. Within just a few minutes, a piece or a set of items could be sold, and some of the transaction prices even exceeded the starting price by ten times or more. ËäȻĿ¼ӡˢµÃÏ൱´Ö²Ú£¬µ«¾«ÃÀµÄ´ÉÆ÷²¢Ã»ÓÐʧȥ¹âÔó£¬ÈÔȻɢ·¢×Ŷ«·½¹Å¹úµÄ¶ÀÌØ÷ÈÁ¦¡£Ëæ×ÅרҵÅÄÂôʦµÄ³öÏÖ£¬ËùÓеľºÅÄÕ߶¼Ô¾Ô¾ÓûÊÔ£¬·×·×¾ÙÆðÁ˾ºÅÄÅÆ¡£Ôڶ̶̼¸·ÖÖÓÄÚ£¬Ò»¼þ»òÒ»×éÎïÆ·¾Í¿ÉÒÔÂô³ö£¬ÓÐЩ½»Ò×¼Û¸ñÉõÖÁ³¬¹ýÁËÆðÅļ۵ÄÊ®±¶ÉõÖÁ¸ü¶à¡£ËäȻĿ¼ӡˢµÃÏ൱´Ö²Ú£¬µ«¾«ÃÀµÄ´ÉÆ÷²¢Ã»ÓÐʧȥ¹âÔó£¬ÈÔȻɢ·¢×Ŷ«·½¹Å¹úµÄ¶ÀÌØ÷ÈÁ¦¡£Ëæ×ÅרҵÅÄÂôʦµÄ³öÏÖ£¬ËùÓеľºÅÄÕ߶¼Ô¾Ô¾ÓûÊÔ£¬·×·×¾ÙÆðÁ˾ºÅÄÅÆ¡£Ôڶ̶̼¸·ÖÖÓÄÚ£¬Ò»¼þ»òÒ»×éÎïÆ·¾Í¿ÉÒÔÂô³ö£¬ÓÐЩ½»Ò×¼Û¸ñÉõÖÁ³¬¹ýÁËÆðÅļ۵ÄÊ®±¶ÉõÖÁ¸ü¶à¡£ Among the numerous bidders, two Chinese ancient porcelain experts holding "No. 1" cards looked solemn, out of place in the auction atmosphere. Every time an item was put up for auction, they would frown and look at the catalog, calculating its value in their minds, but they were hesitant to make a move. ÔÚÖڶྺÅÄÕßÖУ¬Á½Î»ÊÖ³Ö¡°Ò»ºÅ¡±ÅƵÄÖйú¹Å´ú´ÉÆ÷ר¼ÒÉñÇéÑÏË࣬ÓëÅÄÂôÆø·Õ¸ñ¸ñ²»È롣ÿ´ÎÒ»¼þÎïÆ·±»ÅÄÂôʱ£¬ËûÃǶ¼»áÖå×Åüͷ¿´Ä¿Â¼£¬ÔÚÐÄÀï¼ÆËãËüµÄ¼ÛÖµ£¬µ«ËûÃÇÓÖÓÌÔ¥×ÅÒª²»Òª³öÊÖ¡£ÔÚÖڶྺÅÄÕßÖУ¬Á½Î»ÊÖ³Ö¡°Ò»ºÅ¡±ÅƵÄÖйú¹Å´ú´ÉÆ÷ר¼ÒÉñÇéÑÏË࣬ÓëÅÄÂôÆø·Õ¸ñ¸ñ²»È롣ÿ´ÎÒ»¼þÎïÆ·±»ÅÄÂôʱ£¬ËûÃǶ¼»áÖå×Åüͷ¿´Ä¿Â¼£¬ÔÚÐÄÀï¼ÆËãËüµÄ¼ÛÖµ£¬µ«ËûÃÇÓÖÓÌÔ¥×ÅÒª²»Òª³öÊÖ¡£ The three thousand dollars in his pocket was not enough, but it was not difficult to bid for one or two pieces of porcelain. However, the experts sent by the Chinese cultural relics department to bid on the exhibits at the scene were at a loss for a while, then sighed, and in the end did not win a single item. Ëû¿Ú´üÀïµÄÈýǧÃÀÔªÊDz»¹»µÄ£¬µ«ÒªÅijöÒ»Á½¼þ´ÉÆ÷²¢²»ÄÑ¡£È»¶ø£¬ÖйúÎÄÎﲿÃÅÅÉÈ¥ÏÖ³¡¾ºÅÄչƷµÄר¼ÒÃÇһʱ²»ÖªËù´ë£¬È»ºó̾ÁË¿ÚÆø£¬×îÖÕÒ»¼þҲûÅĵ½¡£Ëû¿Ú´üÀïµÄÈýǧÃÀÔªÊDz»¹»µÄ£¬µ«ÒªÅijöÒ»Á½¼þ´ÉÆ÷²¢²»ÄÑ¡£È»¶ø£¬ÖйúÎÄÎﲿÃÅÅÉÈ¥ÏÖ³¡¾ºÅÄչƷµÄר¼ÒÃÇһʱ²»ÖªËù´ë£¬È»ºó̾ÁË¿ÚÆø£¬×îÖÕÒ»¼þҲûÅĵ½¡£ In a sense, this trip was a "mission without success"; but from another perspective, it was a "creation out of nothing". As soon as they stepped out of the auction hall, an idea emerged in the minds of the two ancient porcelain experts: ´ÓijÖÖÒâÒåÉÏ˵£¬Õâ´ÎÂÃÐÐÊÇÒ»´Î¡°Ã»Óгɹ¦µÄʹÃü¡±£»µ«´ÓÁíÒ»¸ö½Ç¶ÈÀ´¿´£¬ËüÊÇ¡°ÎÞÖÐÉúÓС±¡£Ò»×ß³öÅÄÂô´óÌü£¬Á½Î»¹Å´ÉÆ÷ר¼ÒµÄÄÔº£Àï¾ÍÉÁÏÖ³öÒ»¸öÄîÍ·£º´ÓijÖÖÒâÒåÉÏ˵£¬Õâ´ÎÂÃÐÐÊÇÒ»´Î¡°Ã»Óгɹ¦µÄʹÃü¡±£»µ«´ÓÁíÒ»¸ö½Ç¶ÈÀ´¿´£¬ËüÊÇ¡°ÎÞÖÐÉúÓС±¡£Ò»×ß³öÅÄÂô´óÌü£¬Á½Î»¹Å´ÉÆ÷ר¼ÒµÄÄÔº£Àï¾ÍÉÁÏÖ³öÒ»¸öÄîÍ·£º To prevent the recurrence of the regrettable loss of ancient underwater cultural heritage to overseas, upon returning to China, it is determined to establish a Chinese underwater archaeological team and use technological means to salvage sunken ships within the country! Ϊ·ÀÖ¹¹Å´úË®ÏÂÎÄ»¯ÒŲúÏòº£ÍâÁ÷ʧµÄº¶ÊÂÔٴη¢Éú£¬»Ø¹úºó£¬¾öÐÄ×齨ÖйúˮϿ¼¹Å¶Ó£¬ÔËÓÿƼ¼ÊÖ¶ÎÔÚ¹úÄÚ´òÀ̳Á´¬£¡Îª·ÀÖ¹¹Å´úË®ÏÂÎÄ»¯ÒŲúÏòº£ÍâÁ÷ʧµÄº¶ÊÂÔٴη¢Éú£¬»Ø¹úºó£¬¾öÐÄ×齨ÖйúˮϿ¼¹Å¶Ó£¬ÔËÓÿƼ¼ÊÖ¶ÎÔÚ¹úÄÚ´òÀ̳Á´¬£¡ Stolen story; please report. This is a long story. ÕâÊÇÒ»¸öºÜ³¤µÄ¹ÊÊ¡£ÕâÊÇÒ»¸öºÜ³¤µÄ¹ÊÊ¡£ In fact, in 1984, a British marine salvager named Michael Hatcher salvaged a sunken ship called the "Geldermalsen" in the South China Sea. ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬1984Ä꣬һλÃû½ÐÂõ¿Ë¶û¡¤º£ÇжûµÄÓ¢¹úº£ÉÏ´òÀÌÕßÔÚÄϺ£´òÀÌÁËÒ»ËÒÃûΪ¡°¸Ç¶ûµÂÂí¶ûÉ­¡±ºÅµÄ³Á´¬¡£ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬1984Ä꣬һλÃû½ÐÂõ¿Ë¶û¡¤º£ÇжûµÄÓ¢¹úº£ÉÏ´òÀÌÕßÔÚÄϺ£´òÀÌÁËÒ»ËÒÃûΪ¡°¸Ç¶ûµÂÂí¶ûÉ­¡±ºÅµÄ³Á´¬¡£ In the winter of the 17th year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1752), the air was icy cold. The "Gotheborg", a merchant ship dispatched by the East India Company, was fully loaded with porcelain and gold and set sail from Nanjing, China, bound for Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Less than two weeks into the voyage, the "Gotheborg" struck a reef in the South China Sea and sank into the deep blue ocean. The South China Sea is vast and boundless, making it extremely difficult to locate the sunken ship. However, Hatcher carefully reviewed the archives and utilized the most advanced geophysical exploration and salvage technologies at that time to find the wreck of the "G?theborg", and retrieved over a million pieces of blue and white porcelain from the Qing Dynasty''s Kangxi period that had been looted. While the crew hired by Hatcher were celebrating, he made a crazy decision: smashing most of the millions of pieces of porcelain, keeping only 239,000 pieces of blue and white porcelain and 125 gold ingots. To prove the identity of the sunken ship, he also kept two bronze cannons engraved with the abbreviation "VOC" of the "Dutch East India Company". This move has no other purpose but to create the illusion of "rarity makes things valuable", in order to cater to the laws of the collectibles market. Later on, this extremely despicable act of looting cultural relics and destroying civilization did indeed earn him over 20 million US dollars in "rewards", and Hatcher suddenly became the "richest treasure hunter" at that time. As an "experienced" treasure hunter, Hatcher calmly towed those "spoils" to the high seas and hid them there. Only after that did he obtain the auction permit under the international convention that "unclaimed sunken ships can be auctioned off", and entrusted Christie''s in the Netherlands to organize a public auction. ×÷Ϊһ¸ö¡°¾­Ñé·á¸»¡±µÄÑ°±¦Õߣ¬¹þÇжûƽ¾²µØ°ÑÕâЩ¡°Õ½ÀûÆ·¡±Íϵ½¹«º£ÉÏ£¬²¢°ÑËüÃDzØÔÚÄÇÀï¡£ÔÚÄÇÖ®ºó£¬Ëû²Å»ñµÃÁË¡°ÎÞÈËÈÏÁìµÄ³Á´¬¿ÉÒÔÅÄÂô¡±µÄ¹ú¼Ê¹«Ô¼µÄÅÄÂôÐí¿É£¬²¢Î¯ÍкÉÀ¼µÄ¼ÑÊ¿µÃÅÄÂôÐÐ×éÖ¯ÁËÒ»´Î¹«¿ªÅÄÂô¡£×÷Ϊһ¸ö¡°¾­Ñé·á¸»¡±µÄÑ°±¦Õߣ¬¹þÇжûƽ¾²µØ°ÑÕâЩ¡°Õ½ÀûÆ·¡±Íϵ½¹«º£ÉÏ£¬²¢°ÑËüÃDzØÔÚÄÇÀï¡£ÔÚÄÇÖ®ºó£¬Ëû²Å»ñµÃÁË¡°ÎÞÈËÈÏÁìµÄ³Á´¬¿ÉÒÔÅÄÂô¡±µÄ¹ú¼Ê¹«Ô¼µÄÅÄÂôÐí¿É£¬²¢Î¯ÍкÉÀ¼µÄ¼ÑÊ¿µÃÅÄÂôÐÐ×éÖ¯ÁËÒ»´Î¹«¿ªÅÄÂô¡£ It was then that the special auction of Chinese cultural relics was held in April 1986. 1986Äê4Ô¾ÙÐÐÁËÖйúÎÄÎïר³¡ÅÄÂô¡£1986Äê4Ô¾ÙÐÐÁËÖйúÎÄÎïר³¡ÅÄÂô¡£ The auction was unprecedented in grandeur and was also unique in the history of European collections. The Chinese Embassy in the Netherlands learned of the news and immediately sent a telegram to the National Cultural Heritage Administration. However, the person in charge of the Cultural Relics Department of the National Cultural Heritage Administration soon became dumbfounded. Neither international conventions, maritime laws, nor the legal provisions of our country could provide an effective basis for lodging a complaint or stopping the event. ´Ë´ÎÅÄÂô¹æÄ£¿ÕÇ°£¬ÔÚÅ·ÖÞÊÕ²ØÊ·ÉÏÒ²ÊǾøÎÞ½öÓеġ£ÖйúפºÉÀ¼Ê¹¹Ý»ñϤÏûÏ¢ºó£¬µÚһʱ¼äÖµç¹ú¼ÒÎÄÎï¾Ö¡£È»¶ø£¬¹ú¼ÒÎÄÎï¾ÖÎÄÎï˾µÄ¸ºÔðÈ˺ܿì¾Í¾ª´ôÁË¡£ÎÞÂÛÊǹú¼Ê¹«Ô¼¡¢º£ÉÌ·¨£¬»¹ÊÇÎÒ¹úµÄ·¨Âɹ涨£¬¶¼²»ÄÜ×÷ΪÌá³öÉêËß»òÖÆֹʼþµÄÓÐЧÒÀ¾Ý¡£´Ë´ÎÅÄÂô¹æÄ£¿ÕÇ°£¬ÔÚÅ·ÖÞÊÕ²ØÊ·ÉÏÒ²ÊǾøÎÞ½öÓеġ£ÖйúפºÉÀ¼Ê¹¹Ý»ñϤÏûÏ¢ºó£¬µÚһʱ¼äÖµç¹ú¼ÒÎÄÎï¾Ö¡£È»¶ø£¬¹ú¼ÒÎÄÎï¾ÖÎÄÎï˾µÄ¸ºÔðÈ˺ܿì¾Í¾ª´ôÁË¡£ÎÞÂÛÊǹú¼Ê¹«Ô¼¡¢º£ÉÌ·¨£¬»¹ÊÇÎÒ¹úµÄ·¨Âɹ涨£¬¶¼²»ÄÜ×÷ΪÌá³öÉêËß»òÖÆֹʼþµÄÓÐЧÒÀ¾Ý¡£ With no alternative, the National Cultural Heritage Administration had to dispatch an expert in ancient porcelain to Amsterdam..ÎÞÄÎ֮ϣ¬¹ú¼ÒÎÄÎï¾ÖÖ»µÃÅÉDzһλ¹Å´ÉÆ÷ר¼ÒÇ°Íù°¢Ä·Ë¹Ìص¤¡£ Volume 1 [Cangshan Boat] Chaoren Underwater Class If underwater cultural relics are exposed at a certain height above the seabed or riverbed and are regularly distributed over a certain area, then we can use side-scan sonar and multi-beam sonar equipment. As is well known, in May 2023, the National Cultural Heritage Administration made an official announcement that China had discovered for the first time two large ancient shipwrecks, No. 1 and No. 2, in the deep sea of the South China Sea. The number of cultural relics is considerable and they are relatively well-preserved, with extraordinary historical, scientific and artistic value. The No. 1 and No. 2 shipwrecks date back to the Hongzhi period and the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty respectively. During the exploration process, underwater archaeologists used the submersible-mounted depth and side-scan sonar independently developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences to obtain a global distribution map of the underwater area of the shipwrecks. Please take a look at the pictures, friends. Let''s start with the side-scan sonar equipment. When using side-scan sonar, we periodically send a short sound wave pulse to one or both sides of the vertical direction of the measurement vessel''s course. It should be noted that the horizontal opening angle of the short sound wave pulse is very small, while the vertical opening angle is very large. When the short sound wave pulse reaches the seabed, it will be reflected continuously according to the distance from the seabed to the transducer, and the reflected signals of different intensities will be recorded as points of different gray levels. In this way, we can observe the changes in the seabed topography and infer whether there are any relics or remains protruding from the seabed surface. While using side-scan sonar, we also use a computer image processing and recognition system to analyze the size, shape and depth of the seabed targets. It should be said that the principle of side-scan sonar is very simple, but its application still has limitations. Because, with side-scan sonar, we can only observe the changes in the seabed topography, but if we want to confirm the suspicious points and conduct detailed exploration, we still have to rely on human efforts, that is, the underwater archaeologists'' diving exploration. So, what is a multi-beam sonar device? The picture shows the "multi-beam sonar image of the remains of the Jingyuan warship" sent back from the sea area of Hei Island, Dalian in the autumn of 2014. Friends can see that the image still has a certain degree of recognition, which is because part of the Jingyuan warship is exposed above the seabed. Theoretically speaking, multi-beam sonar equipment can provide the water depth values of dozens to hundreds of points on the seabed within a plane perpendicular to the course at one time, and then form a full-coverage water depth strip of a certain width. Therefore, compared with side-scan sonar, multi-beam sonar can better reflect the subtle undulations of the seabed topography. Generally speaking, the multi-beam depth measurement system has the advantages of wide measurement range, fast measurement speed, high precision, digital recording and real-time automatic mapping. It can expand the depth measurement technology from the original point and line to the surface, and conduct three-dimensional depth measurement and automatic mapping, efficiently and qualitatively completing the seabed survey work. Nowadays, multi-beam sonar equipment can excellently complete the seabed topography detection. In underwater surveys, this equipment is widely used to detect protruding seabed objects that are relatively high and large in size, such as cultural relics piles and shipwrecks, as well as to detect the seabed topography and understand its topography, water depth and other data, providing materials and basis for further diving exploration by underwater archaeologists. Of course, like side-scan sonar, multi-beam sonar equipment also has limitations. That is, its resolution is not large enough to clearly present the features of small cultural relics and shipwrecks. The narrative has been stolen; if detected on Amazon, report the infringement. At this point, we have a question. If underwater remains are buried beneath the seabed surface, side-scan sonar and multi-beam sonar may become ineffective. So, what hardcore equipment will we use to complete the geophysical survey work? Please watch the 34th episode of "Superman Underwater Classroom". See you in the next episode. ÏÖÔÚ£¬ÎÒÃÇÓÐÒ»¸öÎÊÌâ¡£Èç¹ûË®Ï²к¡±»ÂñÔÚº£´²±íÃæÒÔÏ£¬²àɨÉùÄɺͶನÊøÉùÄÉ¿ÉÄÜ»áʧЧ¡£ÄÇô£¬ÎÒÃǽ«Ê¹ÓÃÄÄЩºËÐÄÉ豸À´Íê³ÉµØÇòÎïÀíµ÷²é¹¤×÷ÄØ£¿Çë¿´µÚ34¼¯¡¶³¬ÈËˮϽÌÊÒ¡·¡£ÏÂÒ»¼¯¼û¡£ Pressing the video recording function on his phone, Guo Chaoren let out a long sigh of relief. °´ÏÂÊÖ»úÉϵļÏñ¹¦ÄÜ£¬¹ù³¬Èʳ¤ÊæÁËÒ»¿ÚÆø¡£ The 33rd micro-lesson has finally been recorded. It wasn''t easy! µÚ33½Ú΢¿ÎÖÕÓÚ¼ÖƺÃÁË¡£Õâ¿É²»ÈÝÒ×£¡ Last night, I indulged in spicy crayfish. I didn''t pay attention to the dryness and soreness around my lips and on my tongue in the middle of the night. When I looked in the mirror this morning, I found that my lips were as red as cooked shrimp and as swollen as sausages... ×òÍí£¬ÎÒ´ó³ÔÁËÒ»¶ÙÀ±Ð¡ÁúϺ¡£°ëÒ¹ÀÎÒûÓÐ×¢Òâµ½×ì´½ÖÜΧºÍÉàÍ·ÉϵĸÉÔïºÍÌÛÍ´¡£½ñÌìÔçÉÏÕÕ¾µ×ÓµÄʱºò£¬ÎÒ·¢ÏÖÎÒµÄ×ì´½ºìµÃÏñÖóÊìµÄϺ£¬Ö×µÃÏñÏ㳦¡­¡­ After scolding himself in his heart, Guo Chaoren had no choice but to move the recording time to the evening. ¹ù³¬ÈÊÔÚÐÄÀïÂîÁË×Ô¼ºÒ»¶Ù£¬ÎÞÄÎÖ®ÏÂÖ»ºÃ°Ñ¼Òôʱ¼ä¸Äµ½ÁËÍíÉÏ¡£ Looking out of the window at the flashing neon lights, Guo Chaoren glanced at his phone to confirm that it was nine o''clock in the evening. He hurriedly shouldered his backpack, closed the door and rushed downstairs. ¿´×Å´°ÍâÉÁ˸µÄÄÞºçµÆ£¬¹ù³¬ÈÊ¿´ÁËÒ»ÑÛÊÖ»ú£¬È·ÈÏÒѾ­ÊÇÍíÉϾŵãÁË¡£Ëû¸Ï½ô±³Éϱ³°ü£¬¹ØÉÏÃÅ£¬³åÏÂ¥ȥ¡£ As Guo Chaoren was about to take out his earplugs after leaving the "Shanghai Underwater Archaeology Research Institute"¡¾Note 1¡¿, he was suddenly blocked by a long-haired girl. À뿪¡°ÉϺ£Ë®Ï¿¼¹ÅÑо¿Ëù¡±ºó£¬¹ù³¬ÈËÕý×¼±¸Äóö¶úÈû¡¾×¢1¡¿£¬Í»È»±»Ò»¸ö³¤·¢Å®º¢µ²×¡¡£ "Hi, Super Ren Brother." ¡°ÄãºÃ£¬³¬¼¶Èʸ硣¡±